This discussion addresses a legal query regarding the validity of a complaint filed under Sections 138 and 142 of the Negotiable Instruments Act (NI Act) when the promissory note has expired. The loan was secured by both a promissory note and a cheque, with hypothecation of immovable assets. The core issue is whether the dishonoured cheque complaint remains valid despite the promissory note's expiry, especially since the loan itself is still guaranteed by the asset hypothecation. The advice given clarifies that promissory notes and cheques are distinct instruments and that the validity of a Section 138 NI Act complaint hinges on the cheque's presentation within its validity period (90 days) and adherence to other conditions of the Act.