Unsecured loan given i have ledger with seal and sign

Yes, these proofs are sufficient to recover loan amount legally.

It is valid and sufficient evidence to prove the outstanding loan amount, if claim is filed within limitation before jurisdictional court.

The absence of a formal written loan agreement or cancelled cheques does not prevent you from taking legal action for recovering the loan amount.

Bank transfer records establish the physical flow of money from your dad to the borrower. This disproves any claim by the borrower that money was never received.

When the borrower deducted TDS under Section 194A (Interest other than interest on securities) and deposited it with the government, they officially declared to the Income Tax Department that they were paying interest on a loan. Form 26AS acts as an implied admission of debt and corroborates that a loan transaction exists.

Before initiating formal court proceedings, e send a Legal Notice demanding repayment within 15 to 30 days. Mention the exact principal amount, interest accrued, and detail the bank transactions, Form 26AS entries, and signed ledger. Frequently, borrowers settle upon receiving a formal legal notice. If the borrower fails to comply with the legal notice, you can file a Summary Suit under Order 37 CPC in a civil court.

A civil suit for money recovery must be filed within 3 years from the date the cause of action arose (e.g., from the date of default, or within 3 years of the last payment of interest/acknowledgment in the ledger).

You do not have a zero case as you fear.

Yes, you can provided the matter is within period of limitation. As the first step, through a egal notice, you may demand the repayment.