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Advocate Shivchand Mishra (Lawyer)     29 December 2023

Applicability of section 166a(c) ipc in cases where police refuse to register fir in cognizable case

Hello Experts,

We often hear from our colleagues that a police officer can be prosecuted u/s 166A of IPC for refusal to register an FIR. There was also a Circular issued by CP-Mumbai that a police officer can be booked u/s 166A(c), if he refuses to register an FIR in Cognizable offences. My doubt is, though section 166 exist, and since, 

1. IPC 166A(a) - is related to Attendance during investigation,

2. IPC 166A(b) - is related to Investigation in the direction prescribed.

3. IPC 166A(c) - is related to mandatory recording of FIR u/s 154(1) Crpc in Cognizable offences u/s section 326A, 326B, 354, 354B, 370, 370A, 376, 376A, 376AB, 376B, 376C, 376D, 376DA, 376DB, 376E, 509 of IPC.

What are the grounds that we advise clients to prosecute a police officer u/s 166A(c) for refusing to register an FIR? Also grounds on which Mumbai CP issued circular calling upon to take action against errant police officers u/s 166A(c) IPC for non registration of FIR?

My doubt though appears to be academic, i believe it is has practical relevance.



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 5 Replies

T. Kalaiselvan, Advocate (Advocate)     29 December 2023

The client should have a valid complaint containing the substantial evidence to establish cognizable offences.

If in case the police is refusing to take cognizance or to register the FIR or record the investigation, then the defacto complaint can put his grievances in writing while filing a petition under section 156(3) cr.p.c. seeking appropriate action against the erring police officer and to direct the investigation to be carried out through another IO.

Advocate Shivchand Mishra (Lawyer)     29 December 2023

Thanks for the prompt reply sir,

My doubt is regarding applicability of section 166A(C) IPC under such circumstances. What section would apply to the errant police officer refusing to register an FIR in Cognizable offence.

Because section 166A(C) of IPC, applies only to Cognizable offences falling u/s section 326A, 326B, 354, 354B, 370, 370A, 376, 376A, 376AB, 376B, 376C, 376D, 376DA, 376DB, 376E, 509 of IPC. Because, generally section 166A of IPC is resorted to under such situation.

T. Kalaiselvan, Advocate (Advocate)     29 December 2023

If  you are aggrieved by the acts of the police, you can very well give a complaint without mentioning any section of law.

The police will take care of the applicablity of the particular section of law if at all they entertain your complaint

Advocate Shivchand Mishra (Lawyer)     29 December 2023

Sir, 

I totally respect and agree with your views.

However, being an advocate, I am not able to satisfy myself as to what is the correct position of law with regards to applicability of section 166A(C) of IPC against police officer in Cognizable offences not falling u/s section 326A, 326B, 354, 354B, 370, 370A, 376, 376A, 376AB, 376B, 376C, 376D, 376DA, 376DB, 376E, 509 of IPC.

I am sure that not every but many advocate friends would be going through this doubt.

T. Kalaiselvan, Advocate (Advocate)     31 December 2023

This is a matter of trial. 

When the court will accept the case on its file,  you will come to know what is maintainable 


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