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Nagesh (private empolyment)     05 December 2023

Will terms

Dear Learned Councels, 

Person "A" executes a registered Will in the year 1981 bequeathing  his self acquired property being a building consisting of Ground , First and Second Floors in favour of  his three sons,  each one getting a Floor , subject to life interest of his Wife( i.e. executor’s) . The terms of the Will states that, that legatees can occupy and enjoy the property and are prohibited from Alienating, Mortgaging, Lease etc. the property. However after the death of their parents, legatees have sold the property in 2015. 

My questions are:

  1. Is the Sale Valid ?
  2. The Beneficiaries of the Will  should have obtained the permission to sell their portions from the Court of Law  isn't it ?.  

Please clarify.

regards

Nagesh



Learning

 3 Replies

T. Kalaiselvan, Advocate (Advocate)     05 December 2023

Alienation means transfer of the property. Right of disposal is one of the essential features of the ownership rights. Section 10 incorporates that any restriction on the right of disposal would be against the essential feature of ownership rights. Accordingly, section provides that if a transfer is subject to a condition by which the transferee (who now becomes the owner) is absolutely restrained from disposing of or parting with his interest in the property, the condition is void. In such cases since the transferee becomes the owner of the property, any restriction limiting his right of disposing the property would not be binding on him and he would be free to transfer it to anybody by any means.

However, there are exceptions to this rule which is unfolded in this article.

The owner of a property has a right to alienate the property either conditionally or unconditionally. Section 10 is a case of condition subsequent. In a transfer of property, where a condition is laid down by a transferor, the transfer is a "conditional transfer". Conditions are limitations which limit or otherwise affect the transfer. Condition may be condition precedent i.e., condition prior to the transfer of property and whether the transfer would take place or not is itself dependent on that condition and it may be condition subsequent where the condition is to be fulfilled after the transfer of the property. Condition subsequent affects the interest of the transferee after the transfer.

Section 10, 11, 12 and 17 of the Transfer of proeprty act provides proper calrification to your query, you may peruse the same.

Nagesh (private empolyment)     05 December 2023

Sir, I thank you for the clafication. Since the Will is in local language, I used/translated  the term as " Alienation ".

Does the word "Selling" is same as the word " alienation " in the legals language ?

 

regards,

Nagesh 

Read more at: https://www.lawyersclubindia.com/forum/will-terms-232009.asp

T. Kalaiselvan, Advocate (Advocate)     06 December 2023

Selling is also considered as one of the modes of alienation, hence they are meaning the same.


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