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Sathya Shanmugavlu   08 September 2025

Strange situation, ia, ep, hmop

Dear Experts,

 

I am caught up in a strange situation.

My wife filed HMOP 3289/2018, which was contested & dismissed last month.

I filed HMOP 1595/2019, which was contested & allowed on same day by the same court.

During the pendency of her divorce she filed an Interim Maintenance under her divorce HMA S.24  that got ordered in her favor.

She filed a EP7/2024 seeking civil arrest of me to recover arrears of which I paid INR 8L and I promised I will pay remaining over period of time as its a huge amount (she claimed total INR 27L).

Next week case come up for hearing, I'm arguing the IA is now infructuous,  but she is claiming arrears still enforceable.

Please kindly advice on how to approach this and come out of this Civil Arrest & Detention case.

 

Thank & Regards,

Sathya

 

 

 



 14 Replies

T. Kalaiselvan, Advocate (Advocate)     08 September 2025

When a case is disposed, it means a final decision or order has been issued by the court, resolving the matter and effectively closing that specific issue. For an Interlocutory Application (IA) (IA), a disposed status means the court has heard and resolved the specific request made in that application, with no further actions or hearings required on it.

Moreoever, the maintenance under section 23 HMA is an interim relief only and it will not continue beyond the disposal of the main case.

The court has addressed the issues raised in the Interlocutory Application (IA) and provided a final order on it. 

A disposed case indicates the main legal proceedings have concluded, and a final judgment or order has been passed. 

Sathya Shanmugavlu   08 September 2025

Thanks a lot Kalaiselvan sir 🙏 

But will happen the "arrears" that had accrued in the interim maintenance IA prior to the dismissal of her main divorce petition.

Will those arrears creates a seperate cause of action warranting execution.

 

Thanks & Regards,

Sathya

T. Kalaiselvan, Advocate (Advocate)     09 September 2025

The arrears amount accummuleted till the date of disposal of the main case has to be paid if there was no relief granted by high court in that aspect if you had filed any revision petition in this regard earlier. 

Dr. J C Vashista (Advocate )     09 September 2025

What is the opinion and advise of the lawyer engaged by you ?

Follow it till you have faith in him/her. 

Sathya Shanmugavlu   09 September 2025

Thanks Experts, for valuable feedback.

I never have engaged a lawyer for past 10 years, I appear in person to fight out all my legal cases.

Now coming back to the subject.

Here are some points for my defense.

(1) Res Judicata/Estoppel: Divorce Failed she can't relitigate.

(2) Changed Circumstances: RCR decree shifts the footing in my favor.

(3) Equity : Deserting wife with income can't jail husband for an infructuous interim order.

(4) Part Payment : Shows my bona-fide intent to comply with the arrears, so civil arrest is unnecessary at this point of time.

(5) S24 Vs Sec 125 CrPc. : Unlike Sec 125 CrPC, Interim maintenance under S24 is a monthly commitment.  Each month of default gives rise to a new cause of action.

Based on this, the EP7 valuation provided by her is factually incorrect.

I prepared all my evidence for tomorrow court hearing, hoping to get this EP7 quashed or converted to a less coercive decree.

 

Thanks & Regards,

Sathya

T. Kalaiselvan, Advocate (Advocate)     09 September 2025

The matrimonial disputes or issues are continuous hence law of resjudicata will not be applicable even if she's filing a fresh divorce case adding fresh cause of action of cruelty.

In EP, the civil arrest will be ordered only if you refuse to pay the arrears amount even part by part at regular intervals.

 

Dr. J C Vashista (Advocate )     10 September 2025

You have raised some vital questions / opinion for the facts faced of your  case(s), which may be:

(1) Res Judicata/Estoppel: Divorce Failed she can't relitigate.

Ans: Yes, it do not attract res-judicata and estoppel, however, appeal is a fundamental right which cannot be taken away by opposing party.

(2) Changed Circumstances: RCR decree shifts the footing in my favor.

Ans: Did you file execution petition of the RCS decree ? If so, what do you propose if the judgment debtor (your wife) do not join your company as per decree ? How do you / Court propose and compel her to rejoin her matrimonial home ? 

(3) Equity : Deserting wife with income can't jail husband for an infructuous interim order.

Ans: Have you challanged interim order passed in favour of your wife ? How much is outstanding amount as per award ?

(4) Part Payment : Shows my bona-fide intent to comply with the arrears, so civil arrest is unnecessary at this point of time.

Ans: Generally (not specifically) the judgment debtor is compelled to clear outstanding decreetal amount, which differs from case to case.

(5) S24 Vs Sec 125 CrPc. : Unlike Sec 125 CrPC, Interim maintenance under S24 is a monthly commitment.  Each month of default gives rise to a new cause of action.
Ans: It is an academic topic for debate and discussion where no such straight jacket formula exists, as stated by you. 

If you have been appearing, proceeding and contesting the case(s) as party-in-person for the last 10 years (as stated by you) you are very well aware about facts and circumstances of the case(s), intelligent enough, competent and capable to analyse, find pros and cons of the proceeding, in such circumstances what for do you need any other advise / obligation of experts on this platform meant of needy litigants.

Sathya Shanmugavlu   11 September 2025

Experts,  My question was very simple & straight forward.

I'm not questioning the Interim Maintenance or Arrears.

My only question was given that I made 8L payments already and promised to pay rest over the period of time, whether I will still be committed to civil prison 

(The mode of execution is the main point here, given that her divorce dismissed on merits & my RCR allowed with 2 months for my wife to obey the order)

Dr. J C Vashista (Advocate )     12 September 2025

In case you have made payment of Rs.8 lakh and balance you want to pay in due course of time you will not be sent to jail, as apprehended.

However, what was the amount you have agreed to pay with balance to be paid and how much time was sought and granted?

Sathya Shanmugavlu   12 September 2025

I agreed to pay 5L in 3 equal installments over the period of 1 year, totalling 15L (Citing my financial constraints after having paid 8L recently).

Judge has not issued show cause notice,  no inquiry as to the civil imprisonment conducted,  willful disobedience has not been proved.

Judge mentioned 22nd Sep he will order my civil arrest and he asked me to pay those 3 installments sitting in Jail.

(No questions asked direct imprisonment under Order 21 , Rule 37)

T. Kalaiselvan, Advocate (Advocate)     12 September 2025

If the respondent appears before the court and expresses willingness to clear arrears in installments with an undertaking on record, most courts treat this as bona fide conduct.
In such circumstances, the court usually grants time and records the undertaking rather than sending the person to jail immediately.
However, if the respondent fails to comply with the undertaking, the court can later proceed with civil imprisonment.
The family court is unlikely to send the respondent to civil jail immediately if he has expressed willingness to pay arrears in three installments and is ready to give a written undertaking. Courts generally accept such undertakings, but if he defaults later, civil jail can be ordered.
The Supreme Court and High Courts have held that imprisonment for recovery of maintenance arrears is justified only if there is willful and contumacious default (e.g., Kuldip Kaur v. Surinder Singh, AIR 1989 SC 232).

Sathya Shanmugavlu   12 September 2025

Thanks Sir.

But that's not what happened on 10th Sep before Vth Additional court.

I clearly mentioned I will give undertaking to pay the entire amount soon.

In fact my wife & her Counsel did not even appear on that day.

Judge clearly told he will arrest me and asked me to pay arrears in jail.

Already my RCR ordered with 2 months time for her to cohabitation with me.

So should I live with her in Jail ?

This is the contradicting judgements (if ordered) I have seen in my lifetime

T. Kalaiselvan, Advocate (Advocate)     13 September 2025

This has happened during last hearing.

In your next date you file a petition with an affidavit before the trial court under section 151 CPC requesting court to permit you to pay the arrears in three installments owing to your present financial constraints and also highlight that you have already paid Rs. 10 lakhs 

You also can express that you are ready to pay a part amount on this date and you carry an amount with you then.

The court has inherent powers to allow your application, if not you can file a civil revision petition before high court.

The procedure for civil arrest is not spontaneous unlike arrest in a criminal case.

The person seeking your arrest has to follow the cumbersome process including making payment for your expenses in the civil prison.

You have ample time to approach High court for relief.

Don't simply keep repeating the same issues instead take steps to overcome the crisis somehow with the guidance of your advocate.

P. Venu (Advocate)     17 September 2025

Any definite suggestions requires that the documents be perused and issues discussed.


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