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Introduction: The Constitution of India provides for a single citizenship for the whole of India. Every person who was at the commencement of the Constitution (26 January 1950) domiciled in the territory of India, and (a) who was born in India, or (b) either of whose parents was born in India, or (c) who has been ordinarily resident in India for not less than five years, became a ci..

Introduction: Any criminal justice system that guarantees the accused the right to a fair trial must include bail as a vital component. To protect the fundamental right to liberty, the practise of issuing bail developed. No one’s personal freedom may be taken away from them unless it is required by a reasonable, just, and fair procedure. Bail is a tool that guarantees the accu..

Introduction The right to vote is a fundamental right guaranteed by the Constitution of India. The Constitution grants every citizen of India the right to participate in the electoral process and elect representatives to the Parliament and State Legislatures. The right to vote is enshrined in Article 326 of the Constitution and is a cornerstone of India's democratic system. ..

Introduction: Nirmala Sitharaman, the finance minister, announced the establishment of 30 Skill India International Centers across several states to prepare young people for possibilities abroad when introducing the Union Budget 2023. To expand economic potential and job creation, the government has announced capital investments worth Rs 10 lakh crore, a significant rise of 33% for ..

In XXX v. XXX, the Delhi High Court put a stay on proceedings pending before the the learned MM, Karkardooma Courts, Delhi. The proceedings related to a domestic violence incident where the husband of the petitioner i.e. the respondent filed a case u/s 12 of the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005.  The Counsel for the petitioner wife argued that a bare reading o..

On 1st February 2023, Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman presented the annual Budget for the financial year 2023-24. This is the last budget of the current government before the upcoming 2024 Lok Sabha Elections. Swipe right to see a few highlights of the Budget 2023-24.   There will be a free supply of foodgrains to ..

WHAT DID THE SC SAY? In Ajay Dabra v. Pyare Ram & Ors., the Apex Court noted that being short of money to pay the court fees is not a sufficient reason to condone the delay in filing of the appeal. A Division Bench consisting of Justice PS Narasimha and Justice Sudhanshu Dhulia also noted that this defect could have been removed by paying the remaining court f..

Introduction  The Indian budget is the annual financial statement presented by the Union government of India, detailing the estimated receipts and expenditures for the upcoming financial year. The first budget of independent India was presented on November 26, 1947 by India's first finance minister, R.K. Shanmukham Chetty. Since then, the Union budget has been pre..

Is it Legal to Use Crypto in India? Cryptocurrency is taking the world by storm, and India is no exception. A cryptocurrency currency and Regulation of Official Digital Currency Bill was recently introduced in the Lok Sabha, the lower house of parliament in India. It sought to create a favorable framework for creating a digital currency for issuing by the Reserve Bank of India. ..

WHAT DID THE SC SAY? In Usha Chakraborty v. State of West Bengal, the Apex Court quashed a criminal appeal under section 482 Cr.P.C. The Hon’ble Court noted that any attempt to disguise a civil dispute as a criminal offence will be met with quashing of the entire proceedings. The Court further noted that the application filed by the appellants u/s..

WHAT DID THE SC SAY?  In Shipra Dey v. State of West Bengal & Ors., the Apex Court sent directions to the Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate, Sealdah u/s 200 Cr.P.C for examination of the complainant.  The Hon’ble Court noted that every criminal investigation must take place according to the provisions of Cr.P.C and conform to Article 21 of t..

WHAT DID THE SC SAY? In Naim Ahamed v. State (NCT of Delhi), the Apex Court held that treating every breach of promise to marry to be false and applying the provisions of Section 376 IPC would be a folly. The Court noted that each case has to be evaluated on its own facts without any prior presumptions. The Court set aside the sentence of 10 years award..

Introduction: Nate Anderson, CFA, CAIA, established Hindenburg Research in 2016. According to the company's website, it specialises in forensic financial investigation. It further states that it has decades of experience in the investment management sector and has historically focused on equity, credit, and derivatives analyses. The website states, "While we employ fundamen..

Introduction  The Civil Procedure Code (CPC) is a set of laws in India that regulate the procedures for filing and handling of civil cases. Order XVII of the CPC deals with the specific requirements for filing written statements in civil cases. A written statement in a civil case typically contains the defendant's defense to the claims made by the plaintiff. Order XVII spec..

Introduction  Order XVI of the Code of Civil Procedure (CPC) in India deals with the procedure for summoning witnesses. It lays down the rules for issuing summons to witnesses, including the form and content of the summons, the manner of service, and the consequences of non-attendance. The order also provides for the payment of expenses to witnesses and outlines the procedure f..