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SC: Law on adverse possession needs change The Supreme Court has recommended to the Union government to suitably amend the law of adverse possession as it puts premium on dishonesty by legitimising possession of a rank trespasser on the land at the cost of the rightful owner. A bench comprising Justices Dalveer Bhandari and Harjit Singh Bedi, while upholding the judgement of the Gujarat High Court dismissed the appeal of a trespasser Hemaji Waghaji Jat and also imposed a cost of Rs 25,000 on him for forcibly possessing the land of Bhikha Bhai Khengar Bhai Harijan and others for over a half century. The trial court had held that Jat had purchased six acres of land for Rs 75 in 1925 from one Gama Bhai Gala Bhai and was in possession of the land for seventy years and at the same time also recorded a finding that Jat took forcible possession of the land in 1960. The trial court judgement was set aside by the District Judge Palanpur, Gujarat and the High Court also dismissed the petition of the appellant. The apex court in its judgement noted, “Before parting with this case, we deem it appropriate to observe that the law of adverse possession which ousts and owner on the basis of inaction within limitation is irrational, illogical and wholly disproportionate.” The law, as it exists, is extremely harsh for the true owner and a windfall for a dishonest person who had illegally taken possession of the property of true owner, the bench noted. “The law ought not to benefit a person who in a clandestine manner takes possession of the property of the owner in contravention of law. This in substance would mean that the law give seal of approval to the illegal action or activities of a rank trespasser or who had wrongfully taken possession of the property of the true owner,” the bench added. Justice Bhandari, writing for the bench in the 23-page judgement also observed,” We fail to comprehend why the law should place premium on dishonesty by legitimising possession of a rank trespasser and compelling the owner to loose its possession only because of his inaction in taking back the possession within limitation.” The apex court concluded by saying, ”In our considered view there is an urgent meet of fresh look regarding the law on adverse possession. We recommend the Union of India to seriously consider and make suitable changes in the law of adverse possession. A copy of this judgement be sent to the Secretary Minisrty of Law and Justice, Department Legal Affairs and Government of India for taking appropriate steps in accordance with the law.” The Supreme Court has also said the Right to Property is now part of Human Rights.
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13 years ago Dr.Chandran Peechulli

O.S.341/2004, Sr. Division,1st Addnl. Civil Judge, Bangalore Rural, City Civil Courts in Bangalore City.for case-study, as to how a senior citizen and ex-serviceman being harassed and humiliated to the core by land-grabbing in Bangalore.


13 years ago Dr.Chandran Peechulli

O.S.341/2004, Sr. Division,1st Addnl. Civil Judge, Bangalore Rural, City Civil Courts in Bangalore City.for case-study, as to how a senior citizen and ex-serviceman being harassed and humiliated to the core by land-grabbing in Bangalore .


14 years ago N.G.O Rights

Interest of the public as already decided by the parliament of India in regard to the law of adverse possession. 2 The said law is existing all over the world as it reduces litigation due to the said parameters in the limitation act of India . 3 If this law of adverse possession is changed or abolished it would be unconstitutional would undermine the honorable Parliament of India will and facilitate unnecessary litigation which were already barred by The limitation act of India , 4 it would also facilitate crime as criminals would be hired by the post owner’s who already lost there title by adverse possession to take possession from the current owner , 5 it would also harras lacks of people/family’s in India who have bought properties on oral agreements , part agreements in olden days by just paying money and taking over possession due to High illiteracy rate buying property by virtue of receipt’s or just taking over possession not hiring advocates due to money shortage and just ending up making documents if at all which were not completely recognized , authorized by state and did not / were not entitled to get their names mutated in various government records as morally, constitutionally these transactions were genuine but were not documented as per the current law Due to above said reasons and foreseen circumstances and as time passed the said purchases/people who were in possession of their respected properties also perfected their title by adverse possession as the claimants as per the government records in every state of India already knew that they are no more owners/don’t have right over the said property as such in rural areas and in urban areas people/families are saved by the virtue of adverse possession “The Limitation act )for ignorance of their forefathers/their own ignorance. This law is being practiced all over the world , also it is evident in the Indian evidence act the person in possession is primafaci the owner of the property More “The Concept of adverse possession exist to cure potential or actual defects in real estate titles by putting a statute of limitation on possessile litigation over ownership and possession. A landowner could be secure in title to his land’ otherwise , long-lost heirs of any former owner, possessor or lien holder of centuries past could came forward with a legal clam on the property “ ,but in India we still have this situation in rural parts and as well as in modern cities due to illiteracy, lakhs of legal knowelege,money constraints etc 6)The intention of such statutes is not to punish one who neglects to assert rights , but to protect those who have maintained the possession for the time specified by the statue under clam of right or colour of title’s or even by possession maintaining the property


14 years ago jaydeep khatri

I HAVE LAND FOR 200SQFT IN AHMEDABAD GUJARAT.BUT THIS LAND IS IN MY POSSESION FOR LAST 20 YEARS AS PER TAX BILL AND LIGHT BILL BUT THERE IS NO MY NAME IN LEGAL GOVERNMENT RECORD SO WHAT I HAVE TO DO?????


14 years ago Shashikant V. Patil

Dear Surya, In continuation with my previous reply, he cannot claim adverse possession as he has not fulfilled condition of 12 yrs possession framed in "Adverse Possession.


14 years ago Shashikant V. Patil

Dear Surya, The person cannot owner by paying 8 yrs revenue for the land as he is not a bonafied owner. He must have a land record in his name. The land record might be on yours name, though he is illegally possessing land.


14 years ago surya

can a person claim for adverse possession showing some revenue bills for 8 years on my land kindly reply


14 years ago S.A.AHMED

With deepest respect to the Judgment of the Hon'ble Apex Court, I humbly submit that it is not that the law gives legitimacy to a dishonest act of a person taking forcible possession of land belonging to a true owner, but rather that is the effect of the law of adverse possession. It has different connotations. A person even if he is a true owner must come out with his case within a reasonable time which is fixed in India at twelve years. Beyond that period it is increasingly and grossly unfair to put the person in possession to prove that he has the ownership of the same. A person in possession of immoveable property for twelve years without any objection from those who could have proved their title within that time is reasoably expected to believe that his possession will not be disturbed and that his title will not be called into question. Besides, in the meantime he may have sold the property to others on the said basis and new purchasers will then suffer injustice on this account. The question of title like litigation must have some end. Otherwise, you might be called upon to prove the title of your predecessor in title for a hundred years which may be quite impossible. Undoubtedly, if a person has taken forcibly possession for twelve years the law gives him protection. But the law also gives protection to a person who has settled possession of the property, leaving the other to endure the high costs of litigation. Cannot it be then said that the law is protecting the dishonest. With deepest respect to the judgment of the Apex Court I humbly submit that if the law on adverse possession is changed, every case will drag on like the Ayodhya case, and that too by the law of the land.


14 years ago Ajay

many neighbour who are powerfull occupy land and make some fencing,or put some temple in connivance with local peaple and try to grab the land,so strict law should be made to avoid illegal possesion


15 years ago M.L.Sapra

Owner is always a owner. He should not be made to suffer because he cannot make use of his property. There could be many reasons, one of them could be short of funds to manage the property.The other reason may be the viability to make use of the property. The next could be the fear of musclemen or other influential people eyeing his property. Moreover, the adverse possession was the need of the time when there was plenty of land with limited population. The time has changed and now everybody is after the property whether legally or illegally. We should think of making unauthorized possession a punishable offence. This will lighten burden on our Courts where lakhs of such cases may be under consideration.


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