This document details the legal case of R. Vijayan vs Baby & Anr, concerning cheque dishonour under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act. It examines the crucial issue of whether a fine can be levied alongside compensation for the victim. The summary clarifies the conditions under Section 357 of the CrPC for awarding compensation, particularly when a fine is imposed. This is essential reading for legal professionals and students seeking to understand the interplay between fines and compensation in cheque dishonour cases.