LEGAL MAXIMS -IV

1.Word: Répondez s'il vous plaît 
Origination: French
Meaning: Please reply
Explanation: A polite request for a response when invited
Use of Maxim in a Sentence: The invitation of the wedding  contained "Répondez s'il vous plaît " so that it could help in planning arrangements accordingly.

2.Word: Res judicata
Origination: Latin
Meaning: A matter already judged
Explanation: A legal principle that a final judgment on the merits is conclusive between the parties
Use of Maxim in a Sentence:while referring to the precedents, the defendant's lawyer argued that the case was res judicata and should not be retried.

3.Word: Sine die
Origination: Latin
Meaning: Something that has been postponed/adjourned.
Explanation: Used to indicate adjournment with no appointed date for resumption
Use of Maxim in a Sentence: Many cases were adjourned Sine die due to the pandemic.

4.Word: Sub judice
Origination: Latin
Meaning: Under judicial consideration(before a judge)
Explanation: Refers to a matter currently under trial or being considered by a judge or court
Use of Maxim in a Sentence: As the case was sub judice, the advocate refused to comment on its details to the media.

5.Word: Tempus fugit
Origination: Latin
Meaning: Time flies
Explanation: Expresses passage of time in a short span
Use of Maxim in a Sentence: The judge emphasized on the tempus fugit and urged the counsel to proceed efficiently.

6.Word: Ultra vires
Origination: Latin
Meaning: Beyond the powers
Explanation: Those actions taken, which are beyond one's legal authority
Use of Maxim in a Sentence: The decision to sell the company was ultra vires to the shareholders.

7.Word: Ut infra
Origination: Latin
Meaning: As below
Explanation: Refers to something mentioned or appearing later in a document
Use of Maxim in a Sentence: The contract terms are detailed ut infra in sections 5 through 8.

8.Word: Ut supra
Origination: Latin
Meaning: As above(a subsequent discussion )
Explanation: Refers to something mentioned or appearing earlier in a document
Use of Maxim in a Sentence: For the defendant's prior convictions, see ut supra in the background section.

9.Word: Versus
Origination: Latin
Meaning: Against
Explanation: Indicates/refers an opposing party/parties 
in a legal case
Use of Maxim in a Sentence: The landmark case of Maneka Gandhi versus(v.) UOI significantly broadened Article 21’s interpretation.

10.Word: Videlicet (viz.)
Origination: Latin
Meaning: Namely, that is to say
Explanation: Used to introduce a more precise/specific explanation.
Use of Maxim in a Sentence: The plaintiff claimed damages for various losses,viz. medical expenses pain and suffering.

11.Word: Vice versa
Origination: Latin
Meaning: With the order reversed
Explanation: This means that the reverse of a statement is also true(basically applies from both ends)
Use of Maxim in a Sentence: A contract binds any company to its employees and vice versa.

12.Word: Via
Origination: Latin
Meaning: By way of, through
Explanation: Indicates a route or means by which something is achieved
Use of Maxim in a Sentence: The documents were served via registered mail to ensure proper notification.

13.Word: Vita partis
Origination: Latin
Meaning: During the lifetime of a party
Explanation: Refers to actions or events occurring while a person is alive
Use of Maxim in a Sentence: The deed was executed vita partis, ensuring its validity during the grantor's lifetime.

14.Word: Viva voce
Origination: Latin
Meaning: By word of mouth, orally
Explanation: Refers to evidence given orally rather than in writing
Use of Maxim in a Sentence: The witness testimony was given viva voce in open court.